Gripping-surface of chuck-jaws.



G. B. TAYLOR.

GRIPPING SURFACE OF CHUCK JAWS.

APPLIOATION mum JAN. 26, 1912.

1,059 234; Patented Apr. 15, 1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

I f/d FigAa.

'eapgefi. 135 /50? G. B. TAYLOR.

GRIPPING SURFACE OF CHUCK JAWS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 26, 1912.

1,059,234. 1 Patented Apr. 15, 1913.

3 BHBETB-BHEET 2.

1 COLUMIIA ILANOGIAF" 0., WASHINGTON. D- C.

G. B. TAYLOR.

GRIPPING SURFACE OF CHUCK JAWS.

APPLICATION IILBD mums, 1912.

1,059,234. Patented Apr. 15, 1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Jlfiizesscs I Ewe/17% urn; sra'rns- PATENT onrron.

GEORGELIBENJAMIN TAYLOR, 0F BIRMINGHAM,.ENGLAND.

GRIPPING-SURFACE OF CHUCK-JAWS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed January 26, 1912. Serial No. 673,499.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that IQGEORGE BENJAMIN TAYLOR, subject of the King of :Great Brit ain, residing at Bartholomew street,Bir.- mingham, in the countyof W'arwick, Eng; land, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gripping- Surfaces of Chuck-Jaws, of which the following is a specification;

. The inventionrelates to the gripping surfaces of chuck jaws and is comprised in the hereinafter described improvements therein whereby the grip :both axially of the chuck and torsionally in;.respeot ofthework or article held is rendered much more efiicient than hitherto.

It :has previously been proposed to form the gripp ng surface of a chuck jaw with definite teeth arranged at. an anglebetween the two directions in whichthe iworktendsi to slip and of a cross sectional shape ap:

toward, or facmg, and arranged parallel with the axis of the chuck andusually cross grooved to break the line or lines of teeth up.

The present. invention relates toa definite tooth formation of the kind referred to but provides an improved 9 formation of grip ping surface .combiningwith the ordinary axially directed teeth, whichare provided tot resist torsional Slip: of the work, similar teeth arranged at right angles,or approximately at right an les, .to the axially di rected teeth, the add or spaces between the axially .directedteeth formed consequent upon their. formation,

such similar teeth bein provided forthe purpose of resisting encl motion, thrust, or pull of the workand being theprlmary distinguishing feature of the invention for the reason that the spaces or grooves between, or

itional teeth extending: entirely or almost entirely across the grooves.

at the sides of, the axially directed teethfare crossed by .the similar teeth. It is advantageous and accordingto the inventionto arrange so that the axially directed teeth and those at right angles, or approximately at right :angles thereto, oin up or run the:

one into the other to thereby mutually support and strengthen each other, and: the preferable arrangement in carrying the in teeth in each ofthe two directions withcomparatively large internal spacings or hollows separating them,and to arrange so that the toothed e in each direction particularly the:

vention into effect is to provide only a few teeth which are directed toward, or face,the axis of the chuck is as unbroken as possible,

that is to say it. is desirable to have no cross 1 grooving ;on any of the lines of teeth, as thereby the teeth are stronger and there is a 7 5 tact .w1th the work. Few teeth andlarge spacings are more or less desirable in carrylarger unbroken :lengthof tooth edge in con- Patented Apr. 15,1913.

in the invention into effect to give the teeth a etter chance to penetrate the work, or to causes. more decidedsurface distortion in relationto the power provided to force the jaws into grip, and also to give the whole length. of tooth edge a better chance of com ing into action to grip.

The distinguishing features ofthe in.-.

vention are capable of being carried out. by various modifications some of which are set 1 out on the accompanying sheets of drawings and are hereinafter more particularly described.

Insaid drawings, Figure 1 is a side eleva: 11011 of a stepped. chuck aw whose grlpping surfaces are constructed according ;to this invention; Fig. 2 1s a-fragmental front elevation of the upper portion of Fig. 1; Fim 3 is an inverted fragmental plan view of Fig. 2; Figs is an enlargedtransverse sectional viewof one of the main or axially directed teeth; Figs. 5 to 13 are d1agram matic plan views showing modified arrangements of teeth; Fig. 14: is a side elevation of achuck jaw suitable for rod work; Fig. 15

is an inverted plan view of the gripping surface of the .jaw shownin Fig. 14;

16 is a transverse sectional view of Fig.: 15; Figs. 17 to 21 are diagrammatic plan views showing modified arrangements of teeth for a chuckjaw of the type shown in Fig. 14.. Fig. 22 is a transversesectional view ofthe complete chuck.

Referring to said drawings, and more particularly to F ig. 22 thereof, there is .SllOWn a multi-jawed chuck, of whichm indicates the body and'az theback plate. The firstmentioned part is formed with a 'uide way .70 for each aw m the said aws,

which'is toothed upon both surfaces. Said rack is driven by a suitable pinion m, that meshes with the teeth on the rear'surface thereof, the ,teethon its front surface meshing in turn, with those on the rear faces of teeth is illustrated on an enlarged scale in Fig. 4, from which it will be. seen that said tooth is slightly flattened on its biting edge andstrong at its base. This feature may pertain to all the forms represented in the modifications hereinafter described, although by itself no separate claim is made thereto as any other suitable sectional shape maybe used. The length and breadth of the gripping surface a cut or formed with teeth is represented by the lines 6, f and g, the axially directed teeth by the letter cl and the large spacings or hollows at '5 and it will be seen that the teeth are few relative to the area of the gripping surface, the spacings, or hollows large, and the length of biting edgec'onsiderable comparative with the number of "teeth. It will alsovbe seen that in addition to the teeth cl,'which, as stated, are directed toward and are substantially-parallel with the axis of the chuck,

separate and distinct teeth (5. are also produced, which are disposed at right angles to the axially-directed teeth ,to resist the slip of the work in both directions. Additional. hollows j are provided at two. of the biting edges in view of different diameters of work being held by the same 7 gripping surface: For instance thegripping surface int-he con.- struction shown inFi 's'; 2 and 3 'is formed so that it is most e ective upon a given diameter of work, but by providing the 1101- lows j work of smallerdiameter is well cleared opposite said hollows, namely at the center of the surface, and is therefore gripped the nearer to the tooth edges which are parallel withthe axis of the. chuck.

' Figs 5 to 18 show diagrammatic plans similar to Fig. 3. of thesame arrangement giving different patterns all of which are within the scope of the invention for the reason that in addition to the definite teeth Iofwhich, however, only one 1s represented), being. op 'erated by means of an annular rack m d axial of the chuck there are the separate definite teeth 65 at right angles, or approxi- .mately at right angles. to. the axially directed teeth, and provided toresist end movement of the work or movement axially of the .chuck and to cross the grooves or spaces formed by the formation of theaxial teeth. In all these patterns the thick lines d represent theaxiallydirected teeth, 03 the transversely disposed teeth, and f w the outer boundary lines of the gripping surface.

Thechuck jaw shown in Fig; ,14is similar to that shown in Fig. 1 but haslthe gripping surface at the bore only as at 0, this jaw being suit-able for rod work and suchjlike. In this arrangement of the invention the gripping surface is of much larger area but there are still the definite and independent. teeth arranged to resist in both directions the tendency of thework to slip and to cross each others grooves or spaces. The hollows or sp acings at z','with still the similarcross section of. tooth to what is represented in,

Fig. 4:. I11 this arrangement thecorners d ofthe bitingedges arethickened up or fiattened slightly to preventthe further penetration of the work at these parts after the i work has been once fixed in-the chuck, and 5 which further penetration if such .cornerswere less flattened, would 'be due to the wabbling tendency of the work while held be-p tween thegripping surfaces due tothe ma chining action upon the work.

Figs. 17 to 21 show diagrammatic repre-1- sentations of further modified arrangements of the lines of teeth, cl indicating the axiallydirected teeth, 03, the transversely-disposed 1 teeth and m the boundary facesof the grip- 1 ping surface of the jaw, the primary fea- #1051 still present for the reason t-hatthere" are I ture of the invention being inall the forms".

definite and distinct teeth arranged against the tendency ofithe work to slip in the two directions, namely in line with the axis of Y the chuckand torsionally, and crossing each others grooves or spaces.

Having now described my invention what I claim anddesire to secure by Letters Pat cut is 1. A chuck jaw having a grippingrsurfacesubstantially parallel with the axis of. the chuck and arranged in spaced-relation to each other, and with additional teeth "arprovided with teeth directed toward and.

first-named teeth and. extending across the 1 spaces between the same. I 7 2. A chuck jaw having a gripping surface provided with teeth directed toward and i substantially parallel with the axisf o'f the chuckand which extend approximately from one end thereof to the other and are arranged in spacedrelaftionfto each other, and with additonal transversely-disposed teeth which extend approximately from one side ranged approximately at right angles to thef l edge of said surface to the other and across the spaces betweenthe first-named teeth.

3. A chuck jaw having a gripping surface provided with teeth directed toward and substantially parallel with the axis of the chuck and arranged in spaced relation to each other, and :with additional teeth arranged approximately at right angles to the first-named teeth and extending across the spaces between the same, saidfirstand seer ond-named teeth oining each other.

4. A chuck jaw having a gripping surface provided with a tooth which is directed toward and substantially parallel with the axis of the chuck and has a space at each side thereof, resultingfrom: its formation, and with a plurality of teeth which are disposed Copies of thiapatent may be obtained for approximately at right angles to the first named teeth and extend across said spaces.

5. Achuck jaw having a gripping surface 120 provided with a tooth which is directedtoward and substantially parallel with the axis 1 of the chuck and has a space at one side thereof, resulting from its formation, and 1 with a tooth which is disposed approxi- 25 mately at right angles to the first-named? tooth and: extends across said space.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set 1 my handin presence of two subscribing witi ,nesses.

GEORGE BENJAMIN TAYLOR; Witnesses:

GEO. FUERY,

BERNARD H, TINGLE.

five cents each, by addresslng the 1 Commissioner of Patent! Washington, 1L0. 

